Nudne słowo na N | Rafał Żak | TEDxKoszalin

Anekdota o zespole muzycznym i zdjęcie z konferencji Solvay

• A 5-year-old boy came home from preschool and told his father that he had formed a band, which led to a sentimental recollection of childhood memories of forming neighborhood bands to throw stones and sticks at neighboring yards (27s).
• The boy's father asked him about the band's name, and the boy pulled out a piece of paper from his pocket, which seemed to indicate that the household he grew up in was unusual in that no one would say that learning is a boring word (1m7s).
• The father thought that this anecdote shows how unusual his household was and explains why he wants to talk about a boring word, which is science (1m12s).
• He searched for a way to present a large area of human activity and thought of using a photograph, specifically one taken in October 1927 at the fifth Solvay Conference, which gathered prominent physicists and chemists (1m36s).
• The photograph features 29 people, 17 of whom have or will have a Nobel Prize, and is considered one of the most intelligent or overloaded IQ photographs (1m50s).
• The speaker thought that this photograph would be a good idea to build his presentation around, but also wanted to clearly state the purpose of the presentation (2m7s).
• The presentation may be useful for playing a game of recognizing the people in the photograph, although most people will only score two points, or for a quick course on how to demonstrate intellectual superiority in discussions by referencing science (2m43s).

Koncepcja energii i eksperyment myślowy Schrödingera

• The concept that everything is energy can be used as a conversation starter, referencing the idea that all things are connected and can be related to each other's energy (2m54s).
• Erwin Schrödinger's thought experiment, known as Schrödinger's cat, can be used as an example of how energy and matter can exist in multiple states at once, and how this concept can be applied to everyday conversations (3m15s).
• The idea of Schrödinger's cat can also be related to the concept of superposition, where particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously, and how this concept can be applied to everyday life (3m36s).

Mechanika kwantowa i jej zastosowania

• Werner Heisenberg's work on quantum mechanics can also be used as a conversation starter, and his ideas can be applied to various fields such as medicine, psychology, and spirituality (3m52s).
• The concept of quantum mechanics can be used to explain various phenomena, such as the connection between mind and body, and how this connection can be used for healing and personal growth (4m5s).
• The idea of using quantum mechanics as a way to understand human behavior and consciousness can be seen as a way to expand our knowledge and understanding of the world (4m7s).
• The concept of quantum mechanics can also be used to explain the idea of a "quantum soul," which refers to the idea that the human soul is connected to the universe and can be understood through the principles of quantum mechanics (4m9s).
• The use of quantum mechanics as a way to understand human behavior and consciousness can be seen as a way to expand our knowledge and understanding of the world, and can be used as a conversation starter (4m11s).

Memy i anegdoty w nauce

• The idea of using images and memes to explain complex scientific concepts can be seen as a way to make science more accessible and fun (4m20s).
• The use of images and memes can also be seen as a way to critique the way we communicate and understand science, and how this can be used to improve our understanding of the world (4m22s).
• The concept of using individual stories and anecdotes to explain complex scientific concepts can be seen as a way to make science more relatable and interesting (4m51s).
• The use of individual stories and anecdotes can also be seen as a way to highlight the importance of science and its impact on our daily lives (5m1s).

Nauka jako sposób rozumienia świata

• The concept of science as a whole can be seen as a way to understand the world and our place in it, and can be used as a conversation starter (5m3s).
• Albert Einstein's work and ideas can be used as a way to understand the importance of science and its impact on our daily lives, and can be seen as a way to start a conversation about science (5m9s).

Albert Einstein i jego teorie

• Albert Einstein is one of the few people in a photograph who is widely recognized, and his images have been seen multiple times in various forms, making him the first celebrity of the science world (5m40s).
• Einstein himself mentioned that towards the end of his life, he felt the world was like a mirror because he saw his pictures everywhere (5m46s).
• Many people are familiar with Einstein's concepts, such as the theory of relativity, which has two versions: general and special (5m57s).
• Einstein's quotes are often used in different contexts, such as in conferences, where people may say "if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will always believe it is weak" or "insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results" .
• However, it's worth noting that these quotes were never actually said by Einstein, but were added later, showing how scientists can be misquoted and have words put into their mouths (6m41s).

Charles Gu i znaczenie eksperymentów

• Charles Gu is a lesser-known figure who experimentally confirmed Einstein's special theory of relativity, making him an important figure in the development of Einstein's ideas (7m9s).
• Gu's work demonstrates how science operates, with theorists like Einstein creating theories on paper and then others, like Gu, experimentally confirming them (7m15s).
• The story of Einstein and Gu highlights the importance of experimentation in science (7m29s).

Proces naukowy i testowanie hipotez

• The process of science involves both theory and experimentation, requiring individuals who create hypotheses and others who test them through experiments to confirm or deny the hypotheses (7m31s).
• It's essential to apply a similar approach to testing hypotheses in everyday life, considering different perspectives and evidence before forming conclusions (7m51s).
• A Netflix documentary, "Płasko," features individuals with a bold intellectual approach to understanding reality, who design an experiment to prove that the Earth is flat (7m56s).
• Despite their initial confidence, the experiment ultimately fails to support their hypothesis, demonstrating the importance of evidence-based reasoning (8m53s).
• The documentary showcases a scientific approach, where the hypothesis itself is not the issue, but rather the need for evidence to support or refute it (8m46s).
• Viewers can learn from this approach by applying a similar mindset to everyday situations, such as testing claims or assumptions before accepting them as true (9m17s).
• For example, if someone claims that money disappears when a bag is placed on the ground, one could design a simple experiment to test this hypothesis and determine its validity (9m22s).
• Similarly, if someone notices a pattern, such as always looking at their watch at 11, they should consider alternative explanations and test their hypothesis before jumping to conclusions (9m42s).

Zmarła babcia i stanął zegar

• The phrase "Zmarła babcia i stanął zegar" (Grandma died and the clock stopped) is often used to describe a situation where time seems to stand still after a significant event, but in reality, clocks stopping at the time of someone's death is extremely rare (10m6s).
• An analysis of family histories and a library search did not find any instances of a clock stopping at the time of someone's death, except for one story where all the clocks in a building stopped due to a gas explosion that caused the death (10m31s).
• The story of a man whose clocks stopped at the time of his death is often exaggerated, and in reality, clocks used to stop working due to their mechanical nature (10m47s).
• A humorous anecdote about a man's clocks stopping at the time of his death is shared, where all the clocks in the building stopped due to a gas explosion (10m53s).

Humor i docenianie publiczności

• The speaker appreciates the audience's sense of humor, noting that a good joke can elicit two waves of laughter, and in some cases, even a third wave when someone is interpreting the joke in sign language (11m16s).
• The speaker mentions that the ultimate goal for a presenter is to have someone interpret their joke in sign language, which can lead to a fourth wave of laughter (11m32s).

Sheldon Cooper i Paul Dirac

• The topic shifts to a person who can be recognized by their behavior, even if they are not known personally, and the example of Sheldon Cooper from "The Big Bang Theory" is given (11m47s).
• However, the speaker notes that there was a real-life physicist, Dirac, who was known for his social awkwardness and not speaking much, making Sheldon Cooper seem normal in comparison (11m56s).
• Dirac's social awkwardness is illustrated by a story where he asked Werner Heisenberg why he danced with women in bars, and Heisenberg replied that it was enjoyable, to which Dirac responded by asking how he knew the women were interesting before dancing with them (12m11s).
• Paul Dirac, a physicist, was known for being quiet and not speaking much, with an average of one word per hour, which is referred to as "dirak" (13m5s).
• Dirac's behavior was likely a result of his childhood experiences, where his father, a Frenchman, would only speak to him in French and punish him for making mistakes, leading Dirac to eventually stop speaking (14m24s).

Sposób postrzegania naukowców

• The concept of "dirak" was used to measure the quietness of people, with an average TED talk having around 823 "diraks" (13m12s).
• The notion that scientists are often seen as "weird" or socially awkward is a common stereotype, but it may be due to their profession and the fact that they often interact with people who share similar interests and speak about topics that others may not understand (13m34s).
• Physicist Michal Heller once wrote that being a scientist can make someone seem "weird" because they spend a lot of time with people who share similar interests and speak about topics that others may not understand (13m46s).

Max Planck i nowa fizyka

• Max Planck, another physicist, was a composer before pursuing a career in physics, and his teacher advised him that physics was already a developed field and not worth pursuing (14m59s).
• The idea that scientists are often seen as "weird" or socially awkward may be due to their profession and the fact that they often interact with people who share similar interests and speak about topics that others may not understand, but it's also possible that there are underlying personal reasons for their behavior (14m31s).
• The concept of a completed field of study is one where there may be a few remaining equations to solve, but essentially, the foundation of knowledge is established, and further research should focus on other areas (15m4s).
• Max Planck, however, did not follow this approach and instead introduced the concept of quanta in 1900, marking the beginning of quantum mechanics, also known as the "new physics" (15m13s).

Nieznane w nauce

• There have been instances in the history of science where individuals have claimed that all knowledge has been discovered, and nothing remains to be found, with Stephen Hawking being one of the last notable figures to make such a statement (15m36s).
• A mature reflection on science should acknowledge that there will always be unknowns, and that the unknown is a fundamental aspect of scientific inquiry (15m47s).
• The fact that science does not have all the answers is not a sign of weakness, but rather a natural part of the scientific process (15m53s).
• The example of ancient maps, which often featured unknown or unexplored regions, illustrates the idea that acknowledging the unknown is a necessary part of scientific progress (15m57s).
• Even when limiting the scope of inquiry to material matters, it is estimated that we only understand about 5% of what we observe, with the remaining 95% being unknown or not fully understood (16m15s).
• Despite the unknowns, scientists can still make precise calculations about the composition of the universe, including the presence of dark energy and dark matter, even if their nature is not fully understood (16m25s).
• The acknowledgment of unknowns in science is a natural and necessary part of the scientific process, but it can be challenging to accept (16m35s).

Richard Dawkins i granice wiedzy naukowej

• Richard Dawkins, a biologist, recounts how he sought to understand the origins of the universe and the Big Bang, but eventually reached a point where he was directed to consult with theologians rather than physicists (16m41s).
• This experience highlights the tendency to seek answers to fundamental questions in areas outside of science, such as religion, when the limits of scientific knowledge are reached (17m5s).
• Dawkins' question about why he was directed to theologians rather than, for example, gardeners, raises interesting points about the nature of knowledge and expertise (17m9s).

Poszukiwanie porządku i Wolf Gang Pauli

• When people finish their education and enter the workforce, they often seek order in other aspects of reality (17m20s).
• Wolf Gang Pauli, a physicist, is mentioned as an example of someone who believed he brought bad luck, which is illustrated by a photo where he is the only one not looking at the camera (17m38s).
• Pauli was a man of hard science, but he also believed in the supernatural and was known to be superstitious, which sometimes affected his work and the work of those around him (17m43s).
• He was banned from entering certain laboratories because his presence was believed to cause equipment malfunctions and experiments to go wrong (17m55s).
• Pauli's presence was often associated with bad luck, and people would sometimes look for him when things went wrong, even if he was not physically present (18m12s).

Osobowość i cytaty Wolf Ganga Pauliego

• Despite being a man of science, Pauli had a more relaxed approach to life and was known to be sarcastic and have a sense of humor (18m21s).
• He was also known to drink a lot of alcohol and make witty remarks about his colleagues, which have been documented in his writings (18m28s).
• One of his quotes mentions that a young scientist is not convincing, implying that age and experience are necessary to be taken seriously (18m35s).
• Pauli's most famous quote is about the concept of "not even wrong," which refers to an idea that is so flawed it cannot be proven or disproven (18m50s).
• People often romanticize Pauli's life, focusing on his stories about being a scientist and a drunkard, and his tumultuous personal life, including his marriage to and divorce from a dancer (19m0s).
• After his divorce, Pauli was surprised that his ex-wife left him for a chemist, which he considered to be a lower profession than physics (19m15s).
• Pauli's life and quotes show that scientists can have a more human side and that people often focus on the more relatable aspects of their personalities rather than their scientific work (19m32s).

Postrzeganie ludzi i ich zawodów

• When a scientist drinks, it's seen as a plus, but when an artist or a different profession drinks, people think of them differently, and this perception also applies to other professions like plumbers, who are often not seen as interesting individuals (19m45s).
• A plumber who fixes a toilet and provides hot water is seen as a skilled person, but people often don't think about their other qualities or characteristics (20m0s).
• The perception of people and their professions can also be seen in how we view famous individuals, often focusing on certain characteristics or achievements (20m7s).

Maria Skłodowska-Curie i rola kobiet w nauce

• Marie Curie, a woman who studied chemistry at the Sorbonne, became a doctor, and received a Nobel Prize, is an example of a woman who broke barriers in a male-dominated field (20m19s).
• Marie Curie's achievements can be described with the adjective "first," as she was the first woman to study chemistry at the Sorbonne, the first woman to become a doctor, and the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize (20m27s).
• However, Marie Curie's story also highlights the marginalized role of women in scientific communities, as women were only accepted into scientific societies in Germany, France, and the UK after 249, 285, and 313 years, respectively (20m44s).
• In the first 300 years of the British Royal Society, the only female contribution to science was a female skeleton used for research (20m56s).
• Today, women still face challenges in scientific careers, as they make up 51% of doctoral students, 42% of habilitated doctors, but only 27% of professors (21m16s).
• An example of how women's contributions are often overlooked can be seen in the story of a dinosaur discovery, where the discoverer, a woman, was only mentioned as the wife of Dr. Gideon Mantell (21m36s).
• Even in modern times, women in science are often not recognized, as a search for the term "scientist" on a stock photo website yields images of young, attractive women, rather than accomplished scientists (22m8s).
• Searching for "young attractive scientist" yields images of men, whereas searching for "student" and "female student" produces different results, highlighting a potential issue with representation in science (22m12s).
• Maria Skłodowska is often used as a symbol of women in science in Poland, but her image is sometimes used superficially, such as naming a room or a stamp after her, rather than genuinely promoting women's roles in science (22m40s).
• The lack of representation of women in science is evident, as people may struggle to name more than two or three female scientists, indicating a need to support women's roles in science (23m10s).

Promowanie kobiet w nauce

• Adding the word "naukowczyni" (female scientist) to the dictionary could be a step towards promoting women's roles in science (23m32s).

Nauka jako wspólny wysiłek

• Science has always been a collaborative effort, and it's essential to recognize the group effort behind scientific discoveries, rather than just focusing on individual achievements (23m54s).
• The development of quantum theory is an example of a collaborative effort, with scientists like Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, and Werner Heisenberg contributing to its development (24m9s).
• Physicists initially disagreed on the correct version of quantum mechanics, but eventually, it was established that different versions were equivalent, with this realization happening over a short period of time (24m38s).
• Later, Paul Dirac unified quantum mechanics with special relativity, and Werner Heisenberg introduced the uncertainty principle, while Niels Bohr developed the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics (24m41s).
• Dirac, along with Pauli, also developed quantum electrodynamics, marking significant progress in the field over a span of 50 years (24m54s).
• This development process demonstrates that science is always a group effort, involving the contributions of many individuals rather than just a few prominent figures (25m3s).
• A photograph of prominent physicists can be seen as a representation of the collective effort that drives scientific progress (25m14s).

Filozofia New Scientist

• The editor-in-chief of New Scientist magazine once described the publication's philosophy as "Science is interesting, and if you don't agree, then get lost," emphasizing the importance of curiosity and open-mindedness in scientific inquiry (26m7s).